2. The SOFTA model: dimensions and clinical applications.

Introducing the System for Observing Family Therapy Alliances as a multidimensional conceptual model and a set of tools (observational, SOFTA-o, as well as self-report, SOFTA-s) to evaluate the strength of the therapeutic alliance in the context of conjoint couple and family therapy. Description of the principal characteristics of the of the SOFTA model: trans-theoretical, based on observable behavioural indicators, focused on interpersonal/relational behaviours, and multidimensional; brief description of how the SOFTA was developed and studies of its reliability and validity.

Operational definitions and examples of the four SOFTA dimensions: Engagement in the therapeutic process, Emotional Connection with the Therapist, Safety within the Therapeutic System, and Shared Sense of Purpose within the Family. Group discussion of the dimensions' operational definitions will be facilitated.

Description of an heuristic model for understanding the contribution of the 4 SOFTA dimensions to four fundamental tasks of the therapy process: (1) Establish appropriate conditions for a therapeutic relationship, including defining the context and conditions for treatment, as well as other aspects that affect the initial relationship between therapist and clients; (2) elaborate therapeutic goals that are acceptable to the couple or family, including the needs and expectations of each client (or subsystem) in relation to the presenting problem(s); (3) use techniques congruent with a theoretical model to achieve the goals negotiated with the family; and (4) ensure sufficient change so that the client system can become "emancipated," i.e., to function well without therapeutic help.